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Stainless Steel 253 MA Fasteners

SS 253MA Fasteners Worldwide Suppliers, S30815 Steel 253 MA Washers Exporters, SS 253 MA Industrial Fasteners Stockholders, SS Alloy 253MA Eye Bolt, SS 253 MA Bolts Distributors in India.


fastners

Table of Content

Silicon Steels manufactures and supplies Stainless Steel 253 ma Fasteners. A contract with silicon steel would be a major benefit to the company. The sector is based on providing purchasers with 253 ma Fasteners of excellent quality that meet all their needs. The company focuses on consumers, provides outstanding Fasteners, and offers the best possible value-added pricing. The commodity is in high demand, so the industry offers it in different configurations. For example, 253MA has low nickel content and is ideal for environments where sulphur is present. Additionally, its silicon, nitrogen and cerium levels make it resistant to high temperatures and offer steel stability and strength against sigma phase precipitation.

The 253 ma Fasteners are made from excellent raw materials from well-renowned mills. They will only be supervised and manufactured by our specialist team, and we are confident that they will meet all your needs and expectations. The 253 ma-Fastener industry always abides by strict quality control procedures and international standards to ensure that every single customer is satisfied.


fastners making process
Fastners
stainless-steel-253-ma-fasteners-supplier-stockist

S30815 Steel 253 MA Washers Exporters, SS 253 MA Bolts Distributors in India, SS 253MA Fasteners Worldwide Suppliers, SS 253 MA Industrial Fasteners Stockholders, S30815 Steel 253MA Anchor Fasteners Dealers.

The buyers are provided with many documents, including fumigation certificates, industrial invoices, flowcharts for heat treatment, a trial report on the raw material, a traceability file, process improvement plans etc. Stainless Steel 253 ma Fasteners is available in type Wing Screw, Hex Nut, Sockets, Structural Bolts, Foundation Bolts, Spring Washers, Screw, Studs, Hex Head Bolts, Allen Cap screw, Studs, Marine Anchors, Square Nut, Socket Hexagon Head Screw, Bolts, Mushroom Head Square Neck Bolts, Hex Domed Cap Nuts, Pan Head Screw, Screws, J Bolts, U- Bolts, Nuts, T-Head Bolts, Washers, Wing Screw, Socket Screw, Nut, Hex Set Screw, Hex Coupling Nut, Socket Head Cap Screw, Cap Screw, Machine Screw, Anchors, Hexagon Nut, Stud Bolts, Anchor Bolt, Eye Bolt.

.

Specification :

Specifications ASTM A193 ASME SA193 / ASTM F593, F594, F1554 / ASME SF593, F594, F1554
Standard DIN, ASTM, BS and all International Standards
Bolts Size 3 mm to 200 mm | Custom Sizes
Nut Size M3 - M56 | 3/6" to 2" | Custom Sizes
Screw Size M3 - M56 | 3/6" to 2" | Custom Sizes
Machine Screws Size M1.6 - M12 | Custom Sizes
Washers Size M3 - M56 | 3/6" to 2" | Custom Sizes
Fasteners Type Nut, Hex Coupling Nut, Hex Nut, Square Nut, Hex Domed Cap Nuts, Hex Head Bolts, Stud Bolts, Socket Hexagon Head Screw, Pan Head Screw, Socket Head Cap Screw, Wing Screw, T-Head Bolts, Foundation Bolts,Screw, Studs, Socket Screw, Hex Set Screw, Cap Screw, Machine Screw, Wing Screw, Spring Washers, Washers, Studs, Marine Anchors, Anchors, Hexagon Nut,U- Bolts, Anchor Bolt, Mushroom Head Square Neck Bolts, J Bolts,Eye Bolt,Structural Bolts, Bolts, Nuts, Sockets, Screws, Allen Cap screw

Types of Fasteners :


Allen Caps
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Allen Caps
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Allen Caps
    		•
  • SS 253MA Allen Caps
  • SS 2368 Allen Caps
  • UNS S30815 Allen Caps
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Allen Caps
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Allen Caps
    		•
    Dome Nut
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Dome Nut
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Dome Nut
    		•
  • SS 253MA Dome Nut
  • SS 2368 Dome Nut
  • UNS S30815 Dome Nut
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Dome Nut
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Dome Nut
    		•
    Eye Stud Bolts
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Eye Stud Bolts
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Eye Stud Bolts
    		•
  • SS 253MA Eye Stud Bolts
  • SS 2368 Eye Stud Bolts
  • UNS S30815 Eye Stud Bolts
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Eye Stud Bolts
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Eye Stud Bolts
    		•
    Hex Bolts
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Hex Bolts
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Hex Bolts
    		•
  • SS 253MA Hex Bolts
  • SS 2368 Hex Bolts
  • UNS S30815 Hex Bolts
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Hex Bolts
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Hex Bolts
    		•
    Nuts
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Nuts
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Nuts
    		•
  • SS 253MA Nuts
  • SS 2368 Nuts
  • UNS S30815 Nuts
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Nuts
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Nuts
    		•
    Screw
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Screw
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Screw
    		•
  • SS 253MA Screw
  • SS 2368 Screw
  • UNS S30815 Screw
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Screw
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Screw
    		•
    Square Stud Bolts
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Square Stud Bolts
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Square Stud Bolts
    		•
  • SS 253MA Square Stud Bolts
  • SS 2368 Square Stud Bolts
  • UNS S30815 Square Stud Bolts
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Square Stud Bolts
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Square Stud Bolts
    		•
    Washers
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Washers
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Washers
    		•
  • SS 253MA Washers
  • SS 2368 Washers
  • UNS S30815 Washers
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Washers
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Washers
    		•
    Wing Nut
  • ASTM A403 Stainless Steel 253MA Wing Nut
  • S30815 Stainless Steel 253MA Wing Nut
    		•
  • SS 253MA Wing Nut
  • SS 2368 Wing Nut
  • UNS S30815 Wing Nut
    		•
  • Werkstoff Nr. 1.4835 Wing Nut
  • X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 Wing Nut
    		•

    Equivalent Grade :

    STANDARD WERKSTOFF NR. UNS SS EN
    253 MA 1.4835 S30815 2368 X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2

    Chemical Composition :

    Grade C Mn Si S Ce Ni Cr P
    253 MA 0.05 - 0.10 0.80 max 1.40 - 2 0.030 max 0.03 - 0.08 10 - 12 20 - 22 0.040 max

    Hex Bolt Dimension Standard


    hex bolt dimensions
    NOMINAL SIZE (D) BODY DIAMETER   HEAD THICKNEASTM A193   ACROASTM A193 THE FLATS   ACROASTM A193 CORNERS  
      D (MAX) D (MIN) H (MAX) H (MIN) F (MAX) F (MIN) C (MAX) C (MIN)
    m10 10.00 9.78 6.63 6.17 17.00 15.73 18.48 17.77
    m12 12.00 11.73 7.76 4.24 19.00 17.73 20.78 20.03
    m14 14.00 13.73 9.09 8.51 22.00 20.67 24.25 23.35
    m16 16.00 15.73 10.32 9.68 24.00 23.67 27.71 26.75
    m20 20.00 19.67 12.88 12.12 30.00 29.16 34.64 32.95
    m24 24.00 23.67 15.44 14.56 36.00 35.00 41.57 39.55
    m30 30.00 29.67 19.48 17.92 46.00 45.00 53.12 50.85
    m36 36.00 35.61 23.38 21.63 55.00 53.80 63.51 60.79
    m42 42.00 41.38 26.97 25.03 65.00 62.90 75.06 71.71
    m48 48.00 47.38 31.07 28.93 75.00 72.60 86.60 82.76
    m56 56.00 55.26 36.2 33.80 85.00 82.20 98.15 93.71
    m64 64.00 63.26 41.32 38.68 95.00 91.80 109.70 104.65
    m72 72.00 71.26 46.45 43.55 105.00 101.40 121.24 115.60
    m80 80.00 79.26 51.58 48.42 115.00 111.00 132.72 126.54
    m90 90.00 89.13 57.74 54.26 130.00 125.50 150.11 143.07
    m100 90.00 99.13 63.9 60.10 145.00 140.00 167.43 159.60

    Hex Nut Dimension :


    hex-nut-dimensions
    Nominal Size or Basic Major Thread Diameter F G H
    Width
    Across Flats    		 Width
    Across Corners    		 Thickness
    Basic Max Min Max Min Basic Max Min
    1/4 .2500 7/16 .438 .428 .505 .488 7/32 .226 .212
    5/16 .3125 1/2 .500 .489 .577 .557 17/64 .273 .258
    3/8 .3750 9/16 .562 .551 .650 .628 21/64 .337 .479
    7/16 .4375 11/16 .688 .675 .794 .768 3/8 .385 .365
    1/2 .5000 3/4 .750 .736 .866 .840 7/16 .448 .427
    9/16 .5625 7/8 .875 .861 1.010 .982 31/64 .496 .473
    5/8 .6250 15/16 .938 .922 1.083 1.051 35/64 .559 .535
    3/4 .7500 1-1/8 1.125 1.088 1.299 1.240 41/64 .665 .617
    7/8 .8750 1-5/16 1.312 1.269 1.516 1.447 3/4 .776 .724
    1 1.0000 1-1/2 1.500 1.450 1.732 1.653 55/64 .887 .831
    1-1/8 1.1250 1-11/16 1.688 1.631 1.949 1.859 31/32 .999 .939
    1-3/8 1.3750 2-1/16 2.062 1.994 2.382 2.273 1-11/64 1.206 1.138
    1-1/2 1.500 2-1/4 2.250 2.175 2.598 2.480 1-9/32 1.ASTM A194 GR. 8 1.245
    1-5/8 1.6250 2-7/16 2.438 2.356 2.815 2.686 1-25/64 1.429 1.353
    1-3/4 1.7500 2-5/8 2.625 2.538 3.031 2.893 1-1/2 1.540 1.460
    2 2.0000 3 3.000 2.900 3.464 3.306 1-23/32 1.763 1.675
    2-1/4 2.2500 3-3/8 3.375 3.263 3.897 3.719 1-15/16 1.986 1.890
    2-1/2 2.5000 3-3/4 3.750 3.625 4.330 4.133 2-5/32 2.209 2.105
    2-3/4 2.7500 4-1/8 4.125 3.988 4.763 4.546 2-3/8 2.431 2.319

    Nut Size Chart :

    Nut Size
    (mm)    		 Diameter*
    (mm)    		 Height
    (mm)
    Hex Nut Jam Nut Nylock Nut
    2 4 1.6 1.2 -
    2.5 5 2 1.6 -
    3 5.5 2.4 1.8 4
    4 7 3.2 2.2 5
    5 8 4 2.7 5
    6 10 5 3.2 6
    7 11 5.5 3.5 -
    8 13 6.5 4 8
    10 17 8 5 10
    12 19 10 6 12
    14 22 11 7 14
    16 24 13 8 16
    18 27 15 9 18.5
    20 30 16 10 20

    Washers Dimensions Chart :


    washers-dimensions
    Bolt Size USS SAE
    OD (in.) ID (in.) Thickness OD (in.) ID (in.) Thickness
    1/8 (#6) - - - 0.375 0.156 .036/.065
    5/32 (#8) - - - 0.438 0.188 .036/.065
    3/16 (#10) 0.560 0.250 .036/.065 0.500 0.220 .036/.065
    7/32 (#12) - - - 0.562 0.250 .051/.080
    1/4 (#14) 0.734 0.312 .051/.080 0.625 0.281 .051/.080
    5/16 0.875 0.375 .064/.104 0.688 0.344 .051/.080
    3/8 1.000 0.438 .064/.104 0.812 0.406 .051/.080
    7/16 1.250 0.500 .064/.104 0.922 0.469 .051/.080
    1/2 1.375 0.562 .086/.132 1.062 0.531 .074/.121
    9/16 1.469 0.625 .086/.132 1.156 0.594 .074/.121
    5/8 1.750 0.688 .108/.160 1.312 0.656 .074/.121
    3/4 2.000 0.812 .122/.177 1.469 0.812 .108/.160
    7/8 2.250 0.938 .136/.192 1.750 0.938 .108/.160
    1 2.500 1.062 .136/.192 2.000 1.062 .108/.160
    1 1/8 2.750 1.250 .136/.192 2.250 1.250 .108/.160
    1 1/4 3.000 1.375 .136/.192 2.500 1.375 .136/.192
    1 3/8 3.250 1.500 .153/.213 2.750 1.500 .136/.213
    1 1/2 3.500 1.625 .153/.213 3.000 1.625 .153/.213
    1 5/8 3.750 1.750 .153/.213 - - -
    1 3/4 4.000 1.875 .153/.213 - - -
    1 7/8 4.250 2.000 .153/.213 - - -
    2 4.500 2.125 .153/.213 - - -
    2 1/4 4.750 2.375 .320/.248 - - -
    2 1/2 5.000 2.625 .210/.280 - - -
    2 3/4 5.250 2.875 .228/.410S - - -
    3 5.500 3.125 .249/.327 - - -

    Washer Size Chart :


    Size USS SAE
    Inside Diameter
    (A)    		 Outside Diameter
    (B)    		 Thickness
    (C)    		 Inside Diameter
    (A)    		 Outside Diameter
    (B)    		 Thickness
    (C)
    #2 - - - 3/32" 1/4" 0.020"
    #4 - - - 1/8" 5/16" 0.032"
    #6 - - - 5/32" 3/8" 0.049"
    #8 - - - 3/16" 7/16" 0.049"

    Socket Head Cap Screw Dimensions :


    washers-dimensions
    Nominal Thread. Hex Socket Size Body diameter and Head height Head Dia Soc. length
    Size Pitch   Max Min Max Min  
        J D /H A K
    M3 0.5 2.50 3.00 2.86 5.50 5.20 1.3
    M4 0.70 3.00 4.00 3.82 7.00 6.64 2.00
    M5 0.8 4.00 5.00 4.82 8.50 8.14 2.70
    M6 1.0 5.00 6.00 5.82 10.00 9.64 3.30
    M8 1.25 6.00 8.00 7.78 13.00 12.57 4.3
    M10 1.5 8.00 10.00 9.78 16.00 15.57 5.50
    M12 1.75 10.00 12.00 11.73 18.00 17.57 6.60
    M16 2.0 14.00 16.00 15.73 24.00 23.48 8.80
    M20 2.5 17.00 20.00 19.67 30.00 29.48 10.70
    M24 3.0 19.00 24.00 23.67 36.00 35.38 12.90

    Fasteners Weight Chart :

    WEIGHTS
    MACHINE SCREWS & Type 1, 23, F and G TAPPING SCREWS
    LBS. Per 1000 pieces
    DIAMETERS
    LENGTHS #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #8 #10 #12 1/4″ 5/16″ 3/8″
    1/8 0.40 0.55 0.70 1.1 1.4 — — — — — —
    3/16 0.50 0.70 0.90 1.2 1.5 2.5 3.9 — — — —
    1/4 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.4 1.7 2.8 4.3 5.6 8.5 — —
    5/16 0.60 0.90 1.20 1.5 1.9 3.1 4.6 6.1 9.1 16.7 —
    3/8 0.70 0.90 1.30 1.7 2.1 3.4 5.0 6.5 9.8 17.7 29.2
    7/16 0.80 1.00 1.50 1.9 2.2 3.6 5.4 6.9 10.4 18.8 30.7
    1/2 0.80 1.10 1.60 2.0 2.4 3.9 5.8 7.4 11.1 19.8 32.2
    9/16 0.90 1.20 1.70 2.2 2.6 4.2 6.2 7.8 11.7 20.9 33.6
    5/8 1.00 1.30 1.80 2.3 2.8 4.5 6.6 8.3 12.4 21.9 35.1
    3/4 1.10 1.50 2.10 2.6 3.2 5.0 7.3 9.2 13.6 24.0 38.0
    7/8 1.30 1.70 2.30 3.0 3.5 5.6 8.1 10.1 14.9 26.1 41.0
    1″ 1.40 1.90 2.50 3.4 3.9 6.2 8.9 11.0 16.1 28.8 44.0
    1-1/8″ 1.50 2.00 2.80 3.8 4.3 6.7 9.6 11.9 17.4 30.2 47.0
    1-1/4″ 1.60 2.20 3.00 4.1 4.6 7.3 10.4 12.8 18.7 32.3 49.8
    1-1/2″ 1.80 2.50 3.50 4.7 5.3 8.3 11.9 14.7 21.2 36.5 55.8
    1-3/4″ 2.10 2.90 4.00 5.3 6.1 9.4 13.5 16.5 23.7 40.7 61.7
    2″ 2.40 3.30 4.50 6.0 6.8 10.6 15.0 18.3 26.2 44.8 67.6
    2-1/4″ 2.60 3.60 5.00 6.7 7.6 11.8 16.6 20.1 28.8 19.0 73.5
    2-1/2″ 2.80 3.90 5.50 7.3 8.3 12.9 18.1 22.0 31.3 53.2 79.5
    2-3/4″ 3.10 4.30 6.00 7.9 9.1 13.9 19.7 23.8 33.9 57.3 85.3
    3″ 3.40 4.70 6.50 8.6 9.8 15.0 21.2 25.6 36.4 61.5 91.3
    * Weights above are approximate and are based on pan head machine screws

    Prices of Fasteners :


    Anchor Bolts
    Anchor Bolts
    USD $ 5.04 Per Unit
    Square Nuts
    Square Nuts
    USD $ 2.16 Per Unit
    Hex Head Nuts
    Hex Head Nuts
    USD $ 2.10 Per Unit
    Hex Nuts
    Hex Nuts
    USD $ 3.18 Per Unit

    Steel Tie Rods
    Steel Tie Rods
    USD $ 7.21 Per Unit
    Steel Tie Bars
    Steel  Tie Bars
    USD $ 4.16 Per Unit
    Square Washers
    Square Washers
    USD $ 3.11 Per Unit
    Spring Washers
    Spring Washers
    USD $ 2.20 Per Unit

    Eye Nuts
    Eye Nuts
    USD $ 2.13 Per Unit
    Heavy Hex Nuts
    Heavy Hex Nuts
    USD $ 2.06 Per Unit
    Lock Nut
    Lock Nut
    USD $ 2.22 Per Unit
    Self Locking Nuts
    Self Locking Nuts
    USD $ 3.16 Per Unit

    Carriage Bolts
    Carriage Bolts
    USD $ 2.15 Per Unit
    Allen Cap Bolt
     Allen Cap Bolt
    USD $ 3.12 Per Unit
    Countersunk Bolts
    Countersunk Bolts
    USD $ 2.18 Per Unit
    Flange Bolts
    Flange Bolts
    USD $ 5.16 Per Unit

    Square Bolts
    Square Bolts
    USD $ 4.16 Per Unit
    Hex Head Bolts
    Hex Head Bolts
    USD $ 6.16 Per Unit
    U Bolts
    U Bolts
    USD $ 3.11 Per Unit
    Eye Bolts
    Eye Bolts
    USD $ 4.13 Per Unit

    Lock Washers
    Lock Washers
    USD $ 3.09 Per Unit
    Spherical Washers
    Spherical Washers
    USD $ 5.16 Per Unit
    Ogee Washers
    Ogee Washers
    USD $ 4.11 Per Unit
    Split Washers
    Split Washers
    USD $ 3.18 Per Unit

    Self Drilling Screw
    Self Drilling Screw
    USD $ 4.17 Per Unit
    Set Screw
    Set Screw
    USD $ 6.12 Per Unit
    Wood Screw
    Wood Screw
    USD $ 5.16 Per Unit
    Coach Screw
    Coach Screw
    USD $ 2.13 Per Unit

    Dome Nuts
    Dome Nuts
    USD $ 4.15 Per Unit
    Acorn Nuts
    Acorn Nuts
    USD $ 7.14 Per Unit
    T Nuts
    T Nuts
    USD $ 3.12 Per Unit
    Wheel Nuts
    Wheel Nuts
    USD $ 4.11 Per Unit

    Heavy Hex Bolts
    Heavy Hex Bolts
    USD $ 7.20 Per Unit
    Hex Bolts
    Hex Bolts
    USD $ 3.13 Per Unit
    Steel Lag Bolts
    Steel Lag Bolts
    USD $ 2.15 Per Unit
    T Bolts
    T Bolts
    USD $ 2.29 Per Unit

    Eye Screw
    Eye Screw
    USD $ 3.18 Per Unit
    Concrete Screw
    Concrete Screw
    USD $ 7.11 Per Unit
    Thumb Screw
    Thumb Screw
    USD $ 5.15 Per Unit
    Deck Screw
    Deck Screw
    USD $ 4.10 Per Unit

    Socket Head Cap Screw
    Socket Head Cap Screw
    USD $ 5.18 Per Unit
    Wing Screw
    Wing Screw
    USD $ 2.25 Per Unit
    Roofing Screw
    Roofing Screw
    USD $ 7.15 Per Unit
    Self Tapping Screw
    Self Tapping Screw
    USD $ 3.15 Per Unit

    Flat Washers
    Flat Washers
    USD $ 4.12 Per Unit
    Star Washers
    Star Washers
    USD $ 7.21 Per Unit
    Dock Washers
    Dock Washers
    USD $ 2.18 Per Unit
    Lag Screw
    Lag Screw
    USD $ 3.16 Per Unit

    Serrated Flange Nuts
    Serrated Flange Nuts
    USD $ 2.11 Per Unit
    Threaded Rod
    Threaded Rod
    USD $ 3.12 Per Unit
    Stud Bolts
    Stud Bolts
    USD $ 7.09 Per Unit
    Double Ended Studs
    Double Ended Studs
    USD $ 5.15 Per Unit

    Nylon Insert Nuts
    Nylon Insert Nuts
    USD $ 3.25 Per Unit
    Wing Nuts
    Wing Nuts
    USD $ 4.05 Per Unit
    Panel Nuts
    Panel Nuts
    USD $ 5.15 Per Unit
    Coupling Nuts
    Coupling Nuts
    USD $ 6.11 Per Unit



    Applications :

    These material are not a single material but the name for a family of corrosion resistant steels. Like many scientific breakthrough the origins of stainless steel lies in a lucky accident. From the smallest part of zipper to the largest building skyscraper, stainless steel is an essential part of modern life.Stainless steel’s strength, resistance to corrosion and low maintenance make it the ideal material for a wide range of applications. It is also has a long life cycle and is 100% recyclable.

    application of silicon steel

    Packaging Used By Us :

    packaging and uses of silicon steel

    We ship our stainless steel metal products in industry leading packaging designed to ensure your order reaches its destination safely. We offer multiple packaging options to meet your specific requirements. Packing is quite important especially in a case of international shipments in which consignment pass through various channels to reach the ultimate destination, so we put special concern regarding packaging. We pack our goods in numerous ways based on the products. We pack our products in multiple ways.


    Testing Used By Us :

    To specify the various physical and mechanical properties of the finished product, various tests, both destructive and nondestructive, are performed. Metallurgical, hardness, hardenability, tension, ductility, compression, fatigue, impact, wear, corrosion, creep, machinability, radiography, magnetic particle, ultrasonic, and eddy current are some of the major tests that are performed by quality control personnel. Metallurgical testing is used to determine the quality of steel by analyzing the microstructure of a sample under a microscope. A cross section of a sample is first highly polished and then examined at a magnification from 100-500 diameters. The microstructure of steel consists of grains of different compositions and sizes.

    Testing Used By Silicon steel